Honduras remains under extortion despite military control in the streets

More than a year and a half after the start of the state of emergency imposed by the government of Xiomara Castro, levels of violence and crime in Honduras have not shown a sustained decline, intensifying the debate over the effectiveness of this measure in the context of national security.

Following its authorization in December 2022, the state of emergency was introduced as a swift measure to address the gang dominance in both city and rural environments. Nevertheless, its ongoing enforcement for over a year and a half, along with numerous renewals, has not succeeded in curbing issues like extortion, murders, and other violent acts that have a direct impact on vital parts of the economy and day-to-day living.

Endurance of crime and societal views

Several analyses from social organizations and law enforcement statistics indicate that crime syndicates remain active with significant power to intimidate, particularly in strategic routes across the northern and central regions of the nation. Shopkeepers, drivers, and locals persist in reporting unlawful charges, intimidation, and homicides in zones where military and police forces are present as part of the state of emergency.

Community leaders, such as one consulted in Tegucigalpa, have stated that “the population remains terrified” and that no substantial improvements in security are perceived. These voices warn that crime continues to control entire neighborhoods, while the authorities present figures that do not reflect the reality on the streets, which has fueled public mistrust.

Questions about the government’s approach

The state of emergency was conceived as an extraordinary measure against organized crime, with special powers for the intervention of the security forces. However, its implementation has been criticized for its prolonged nature and the absence of a comprehensive strategy.

Reports from the National Human Rights Commissioner (CONADEH) and international organizations have pointed to an increase in reports of arbitrary detentions and violations of fundamental rights.

At the same time, security experts warn that militarization without operational intelligence has not yielded sustainable results or weakened criminal structures.

“The government’s approach has been more forceful than planned,” stated a security expert, who feels that a prevention-focused, justice-oriented, and coordinated institutional strategy has not been implemented.

Demands for an all-encompassing safety strategy

Due to the ongoing state of emergency and the continued issue of extortion, a significant crime affecting the informal economy, public transit, and community stability, various sectors have urged for a technical assessment of the existing security measures.

Incidents of extortion are on the increase and, even though there are occasional reports of the arrest of supposed leaders, these measures have not produced a long-term deterrent outcome. Based on accounts collected in the local press, numerous victims decide to stay quiet or escape due to insufficient protection assurances.

The business sector has expressed concern about the lack of concrete results and has called for a redesign of the security approach, with the participation of justice specialists, social organizations, and international cooperation. “Honduras does not need more media shows. It needs real results,” said a spokesperson for the business sector, demanding transparency and accountability on the use of exceptional measures.

Difficulties faced by institutions in a setting of continuous violence

Extending the state of emergency without openly evaluating its impact underscores the conflict between the pressing need to curb violence and the obligation to uphold democratic principles and basic rights. In a nation characterized by weak institutions and significant distrust towards the authorities, emphasizing security continues to create tension among the government, societal groups, and the populace.

The primary task for Xiomara Castro’s government is to identify a lasting approach that merges crime management with holistic, credible public policies and extensive engagement. In the meantime, ongoing violence and the sense of danger leave the community, which continues to seek impactful and enduring solutions, in suspense.